Chloroquine is an aminoquinolone derivative first developed in the 1940s for the treatment of malaria.[A191655] It was the drug of choice to treat malaria until the development of newer antimalarials such as [pyrimethamine], [artemisinin], and [mefloquine].[A191787] Chloroquine and its derivative [hydroxychloroquine] have since been repurposed for the treatment of a number of other conditions including HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.[A192432] **The FDA emergency use authorization for [hydroxychloroquine] and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 was revoked on 15 June 2020.[L14312]** Chloroquine was granted FDA Approval on 31 October 1949.[L12054]
Chloroquine is indicated to treat infections of _P. vivax_, _P. malariae_, _P. ovale_, and susceptible strains of _P. falciparum_.[L12051] It is also used to treat extraintestinal amebiasis.[L12051] Chloroquine is also used off label for the treatment of rheumatic diseases,[A191655] as well as treatment and prophylaxis of Zika virus.[A191649,A191652] Chloroquine is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19.[A191631]
Categories
Agents Causing Muscle Toxicity
Agents that produce neuromuscular block (indirect)
Agents that reduce seizure threshold
alpha-Galactosidase, antagonists & inhibitors
Amebicides
Aminoquinolines
Analgesics
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
Anti-Infective Agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Antimalarials
Antinematodal Agents
Antiparasitic Agents
Antiparasitic Products, Insecticides and Repellents
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682
