Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels.[A176173] Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.[A36559] Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972,[A36552] and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.[L12207]
Synonyms
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide
Metformina
Dimethylbiguanid
Metformin hydrochloride
Metforminum
Metformin
Metformine
Brand Names
Glipizide and Metformin HCl
PHL-metformin
Pmsc-metformin
Zomarist
Ran-metformin
Dapagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Saxagliptin and Metformin
Vildagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Accord
Vildagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin hydrochloride
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Sun
PMS-metformin
Metformin ER 500 mg
Glyburide and Metformin
Auro-dapagliflozin / Metformin
Prandimet
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Pg-metformin
Sandoz Metformin XR
Q-metformin
Komboglyze
Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Ava-metformin
Apo-dapagliflozin-metformin
Apo-metformin
Metformin ER 750 mg
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrocholride
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL
Trijardy XR
Ipg-metformin
Vokanamet
GLIPIZIDE and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Mint-metformin
Mylan-metformin
Sitagliptin Phosphate/Metformin Hydrochloride
Ecl-metformin
Riva-metformin
Metformin Fc
Metformin HCl
Ntp-metformin
Qternmet XR
Fortamet
Appformin
Bci Metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release 500mg
Metformin Tablets
Janumet
Apo-metformin ER
Glipizide and metformin hcl
Jentadueto XR
Apo-sitagliptin/metformin XR
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrochloride
PMS-metformin - Tab 500mg
Ristfor
Metformin Hcl
Nra-metformin
Actoplus Met
Septa-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release
Metformin Hydrochloride ER
Compresso MF 95P
Invokamet XR
Glumetza (sb)
Ag-metformin
Pioglitazone and metformin
Apo-sitagliptin-metformin
Janumet XR
Med Metformin Tablets 500mg
Jamp-metformin Blackberry
Priva-metformin
Auro-metformin
Pro-metformin
Riomet ER
Glucophage XR
Riomet
Bio-metformin
Invokamet
Metformin Tablets 500mg
Competact
Sitagliptin Metformin Hydrochloride Mylan
Avandamet
Mar-metformin
GlipiZIDE and Metformin Hydrochloride
Kombiglyze XR
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glyburide-metformin Hydrochloride
Sitagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Mylan
Dom-metformin
Ach-metformin
Reddy-sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glycon
Appformin-D
Sandoz Metformin Fc
Xigduo
Jentadueto
Glyburide-Metformin Hydrochloride
Saxagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Xigduo XR
Actoplus Met XR
Segluromet
Metformin Hydrochloride
METFORMIN Hydrochloride
Metformin
Glumetza
Efficib
Glubrava
Eucreas
Gpc-metformin XR
Metformin HCl ER
Glucophage
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin XR
Velmetia
Van-metformin
Metaglip
Repaglinide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Teva-metformin
Sitagliptin - Metformin
Metfomin Hydrochloride
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Jamp Metformin
Orb-metformin
Rhoxal-metformin
Glyburide Micronized and Metformin Hydrochloride
Synjardy
Acc-metformin
Metformin Hydrochoride
Metformin-850
PMS-rosiglitazone-metformin
Sitagliptin/metfor Min Hydrochloride Mylan
Vipdomet
Ratio-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride E/r
Metformin-500 - Tab 500mg
Pioglitazole and metformin hydrochloride
Prz-metformin
Glucovance
Metformin hydrochloride ER
Dm2
Synjardy XR
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin
Alogliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release
Sitagliptin-metformin
Ebymect
PMS-sitagliptin-metformin
Icandra
Metformin-Hcl
Kazano
Indication
**Metformin immediate-release formulations** Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L40243] **Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)** The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.[L12207] **Metformin combination products** Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors ([sitagliptin], [linagliptin], [alogliptin], or [saxagliptin]),[L11479,L40248,L40253,L40258,L40263] in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors ([canagliflozin], [empagliflozin], [ertugliflozin], or [dapagliflozin]),[L11479,L30503,L1134,L13679,L38729] or in combination with [pioglitazone].[L11419]
Categories
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Amidines
Biguanides
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents
Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
Drugs Used in Diabetes
Guanidines
MATE 1 Substrates
MATE 2 Substrates
MATE substrates
OCT1 substrates
OCT2 Inhibitors
OCT2 Substrates
Oral Hypoglycemics
ATC-Code
A10BD23
A10BD02
A10BD18
A10BD11
A10BD25
A10BA02
A10BD22
A10BD14
A10BD16
A10BD17
A10BD05
A10BD15
A10BD07
A10BD10
A10BD13
A10BD26
A10BD20
A10BD08
A10BD27
A10BD03
CAS number
657-24-9
Drug Targets
Name
Target Sequence
Pharmacological Action
Actions
Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682