6XP3

Structure of human PYCR1 complexed with cyclopentanecarboxylic acid


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.93 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.219 
  • R-Value Work: 0.189 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.191 

Starting Model: experimental
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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

In crystallo screening for proline analog inhibitors of the proline cycle enzyme PYCR1.

Christensen, E.M.Bogner, A.N.Vandekeere, A.Tam, G.S.Patel, S.M.Becker, D.F.Fendt, S.M.Tanner, J.J.

(2020) J Biol Chem 295: 18316-18327

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.016106
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6XOZ, 6XP0, 6XP1, 6XP2, 6XP3

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) catalyzes the biosynthetic half-reaction of the proline cycle by reducing Δ 1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to proline through the oxidation of NAD(P)H. Many cancers alter their proline metabolism by up-regulating the proline cycle and proline biosynthesis, and knockdowns of PYCR1 lead to decreased cell proliferation. Thus, evidence is growing for PYCR1 as a potential cancer therapy target. Inhibitors of cancer targets are useful as chemical probes for studying cancer mechanisms and starting compounds for drug discovery; however, there is a notable lack of validated inhibitors for PYCR1. To fill this gap, we performed a small-scale focused screen of proline analogs using X-ray crystallography. Five inhibitors of human PYCR1 were discovered: l-tetrahydro-2-furoic acid, cyclopentanecarboxylate, l-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate, l-thiazolidine-2-carboxylate, and N -formyl l-proline (NFLP). The most potent inhibitor was NFLP, which had a competitive (with P5C) inhibition constant of 100 μm The structure of PYCR1 complexed with NFLP shows that inhibitor binding is accompanied by conformational changes in the active site, including the translation of an α-helix by 1 Å. These changes are unique to NFLP and enable additional hydrogen bonds with the enzyme. NFLP was also shown to phenocopy the PYCR1 knockdown in MCF10A H-RAS V12 breast cancer cells by inhibiting de novo proline biosynthesis and impairing spheroidal growth. In summary, we generated the first validated chemical probe of PYCR1 and demonstrated proof-of-concept for screening proline analogs to discover inhibitors of the proline cycle.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1, mitochondrial
A, B, C, D, E
322Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: PYCR1
EC: 1.5.1.2
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P32322 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P32322 
Go to UniProtKB:  P32322
PHAROS:  P32322
GTEx:  ENSG00000183010 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP32322
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.93 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.219 
  • R-Value Work: 0.189 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.191 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 109.702α = 90
b = 178.533β = 106.85
c = 87.657γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
Aimlessdata scaling
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
XDSdata reduction
PHENIXphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)United StatesR01GM065546

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2020-11-04
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2020-11-11
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2021-01-13
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-18
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description