Download MendeleyEvaluation of Larger Side-Group Functionalities and the Side/End-Group Interplay in Ritonavir-Like Inhibitors of CYP3A4.
Samuels, E.R., Sevrioukova, I.F.(2025) Chem Biol Drug Des 105: e70043-e70043
- PubMed: 39792691
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70043
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
9COR, 9COS, 9COT, 9COU, 9COV, 9COW, 9COX, 9COY - PubMed Abstract:
A new series of 13 ritonavir-like inhibitors of human drug-metabolizing CYP3A4 was rationally designed to study the R 2 side-group and R 3 end-group interplay when the R 1 side-group is represented by phenyl. Spectral, functional, and structural characterization showed no improvement in the binding affinity and inhibitory potency of R 1 /R 2 -phenyl inhibitors upon elongation and/or fluorination of R 3 -Boc (tert-butyloxycarbonyl) or its replacement with benzenesulfonyl. When R 3 is pyridine, the impact of R 2 -phenyl-to-indole/naphthalene substitution was multidirectional and highly dependent on side-group stereo configuration. Overall, the R 2 -naphthalene/R 3 -pyridine containing 2f (R/S) was the series lead compound and one of the strongest binders/inhibitors designed thus far (K s = 0.009 μM; IC 50 = 0.10 μM). Introduction of a larger biphenyl or fluorene as R 2 did not lead to any improvements. Contrarily, fluorene-containing 13 was the series weakest binder and inhibitor (K s = 0.734 μM; IC 50 = 1.32 μM), implying that the fluorene moiety is too large to allow unrestricted access to the active site. The R 2 -biphenyl, however, can switch positions with R 3 -Boc to enable heme ligation. Thus, for small and chemically simple end-groups such as Boc and pyridine, the R 2 /R 3 interplay could lead to conformational rearrangement that would be difficult to foresee without structural information.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
